Physical Performance Indicators of Female Pencak Silat Athletes

Abstract

Condition is a major determinant in achieving success in the sport of pencak silat, which demands the integration of complex energetic and biomotor abilities. This study aims to identify and analyze the physical performance profiles of female pencak silat athletes under the auspices of the Indonesian Pencak Silat Association (IPSI) in Kutai Kartanegara Regency. Using a quantitative descriptive design, this study involved 21 female athletes selected through a descriptive quantitative technique. purposive sampling. The measurement instruments include the VO₂Max test for aerobic capacity, sit-ups And elbow plank for abdominal muscle endurance and stability core, V Sit and Reach for flexibility, as well as push-ups for arm muscle endurance. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistical techniques in the form of frequency distribution and percentages. The results showed significant variation between fitness components. In terms of aerobic capacity, the majority of athletes (66.66%) were in the very low category. Conversely, performance in the dynamic abdominal muscle endurance (sit-ups) and flexibility components showed positive results, with 80.94% and 76.18% of athletes, respectively, in the good to very good category. Arm muscle strength (push-ups) was also considered adequate, with 66.66% of athletes achieving at least the good category. However, in terms of stability core (elbow plank), the majority of athletes (52.38%) are still in the moderate category. It was concluded that although the athletes' mechanical components and flexibility have developed well, cardiorespiratory capacity (VO₂Max) and core muscle static endurance remain fundamental weaknesses. This finding implies the need for a reorientation of exercise programs based on sports science which focuses on improving the aerobic energy system and stability core without neglecting the maintenance of other physical components to achieve optimal competition performance.