Jurnal Manajemen dan Investasi (MANIVESTASI) https://jurnal.univpgri-palembang.ac.id/index.php/manivestasi <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Jurnal Manajemen dan Investasi (MANIVESTASI)</strong> is a Journal in field of Economics specializing specifically in Marketing Management, Human Resource Management and Financial Management. Published 2 times in the June and December. This journal has registered <strong>P-ISSN <a href="https://issn.brin.go.id/terbit/detail/1572929284" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2745-3936</a> (printed) and E-ISSN <a href="https://issn.brin.go.id/terbit/detail/20220219261231459" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2962-7745</a> (online)</strong> is a Scientific Journal that is managed and published by the <strong>Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, <a href="https://univpgri-palembang.ac.id/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Universitas PGRI Palembang.</a></strong> And this Journal has also been registered in the <strong>Crossreff system with Digital Object Identifier <a href="https://search.crossref.org/?q=jurnal+manajemen+dan+investasi&amp;from_ui=yes" target="_blank" rel="noopener">10.31851/jmanivestasi.</a></strong></p> Universitas PGRI Palembang en-US Jurnal Manajemen dan Investasi (MANIVESTASI) 2745-3936 <p>The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the publisher of the journal licensed under a <strong><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License</a></strong> in line with the license, authors and any users (readers and other researchers) are allowed to share and adapt the material only for non-commercial purposes. In addition, the material must be given appropriate credit, provided with a link to the license, and indicated if changes were made. If authors remix, transform or build upon the material, authors must distribute their contributions under the same license as the original.</p> <p><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" rel="license"><img src="http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc/4.0/88x31.png" alt="Creative Commons License" /></a></p> Pengaruh Reward dan Insentif Terhadap Semangat Kerja Karyawan Pada PT. Basin Sejahtera Maritime Palembang https://jurnal.univpgri-palembang.ac.id/index.php/manivestasi/article/view/13221 <p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p> <p><em>This study aims to determine the effect of remuneration and motivational strength on employee guarantees at PT. Palembang Sea Flourishing Bowl. The strategy used in this study is a quantitative technique with the number of tests considered is 32 workers. The information checking strategy used in this exploration is a basic direct recurrence examination, direct recurrence examination, connection coefficient examination, assurance coefficient examination, t test and f test using the SPSS 23 for windows program. From the results of the t-test research shows that there is a reward (X1) with a critical value of 0.000 &lt; 0.05, implying that there is a rather large impact of remuneration on the resolve of the representative. While the driving variable (X2) with a large value of 0.000 &lt;0.05 implies that it has a rather large effect on representative decisions. The consequence of the F test at the same time getting a critical value of 0.000 &lt; 0.05, this is dismissed to imply that H0. Ha recognized. So it can be understood that there is a very large influence between remuneration and motivation on the fulfillment of representative jobs at PT. </em><em>Maritime prosperity</em><em>.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong>: <em>Reward, Incentives and Employee Morale.</em></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p> <p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh <em>reward</em> dan insentif terhadap semangat kerja pada PT. Basin Sejahtera Maritime Palembang. Strategi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik kuantitatif dengan jumlah tes yang diujikan sebanyak 32 orang perwakilan. Metode pemeriksaan informasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier sederhana, analisis regresi linier berganda, pemeriksaan koefisien korelasi, pemeriksaan koefisien determinasi, uji t dan uji f dengan menggunakan program program SPSS 23 for windows. Dari hasil penelitian uji-t menunjukkan bahwa terdapat <em>reward</em> (X1) dengan nilai besar 0,000 &lt; 0,05, menyiratkan bahwa ada pengaruh besar reward terhadap semangat pekerja. Sedangkan variabel insentif (X2) dengan nilai kritis 0,000 &lt; 0,05 menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh dorongan yang cukup besar terhadap semangat kerja karyawan. Hasil pembahasan uji F sekaligus mendapat nilai kritis 0,000 &lt; 0,05, hal ini diberhentikan untuk mengimplikasikan bahwa H0. Ha diakui. Sehingga cenderung dimaklumi adanya pengaruh yang luar biasa antara <em>reward</em> dan insenfif terhadap pemenuhan kebutuhan pekerja di PT. Basin Sejahtera Maritim.</p> <p><strong>Kata</strong> <strong>Kunci</strong>: <em>Reward</em>, Insentif dan Semangat Kerja Karyawan.</p> Abem Gusti Edduar Hendri Rismansyah Rismansyah Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Manajemen dan Investasi (MANIVESTASI) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2022-12-15 2022-12-15 4 2 139 149 10.31851/jmanivestasi.v4i2.13221 Pengaruh Kemampuan Dan Pembagian Tugas Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Dan Hortikultura Provinsi Sumatera Selatan https://jurnal.univpgri-palembang.ac.id/index.php/manivestasi/article/view/13222 <p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p> <p>Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Kemampuan dan Pembagian Tugas Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif, tempat dilakukan penelitian ini pada Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Provinsi Sumatera Selatan yang beralamatkan jalan Kapten P. Tendean No 1056, Sungai Pangeran Ilir Timur I. Hasil pembahasan berdasarkan hasil regresi berganda, diperoleh nilai koefisien regresi untuk variabel kemampuan yaitu sebesar 0,268 dan nilai koefisien regresi untuk variabel pembagian tugas yaitu sebesar 0,576 serta koefisien konstanta sebesar 6,098. Berdasarkan nilai tersebut diperoleh persamaan regresi linear berganda adalah<strong> Y’= 6,098 + 0,268X<sub>1</sub> + 0,576X<sub>2.</sub></strong> Nilai Hipotesis secara parsial (uji t) untuk variabel kemampuan sebesar t<sub>hitung</sub> &gt; t<sub>tabel</sub> yaitu 3,112 &gt; 1,985, berdasarkan perhitungan tersebut ada pengaruh kemampuan terhadap kinerja pegawai dan ada nilai hipotesis variabel pembagian tugas sebesar t<sub>hitung</sub> &gt; t<sub>tabel</sub> yaitu 6,694 &gt; 1,985 artinya bahwa ada pengaruh pembagian tugas terhadap kinerja pegawai, sehingga dapat dikatakan ada pengaruh yang signifikan kemampuan dan pembagian tugas terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Hasil hipotesis secara simultan (uji F) diperoleh nilai F<sub>hitung </sub>&gt; F<sub>tabel</sub> yaitu 32,654 &gt; 3,09, berdasarkan perhitungan tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh kemampuan dan pembagian tugas secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan dan Hortikultura Provinsi Sumatera Selatan.</p> <p><strong>Kata Kunci : </strong>Kemampuan, Pembagian Tugas, Kinerja Pegawai</p> <p><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p> <p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p> <p><em>This research was conducted to determine the influence of abilities and division of tasks on employee performance at the Department of Agriculture, Food Crops and Horticulture, South Sumatra Province. This type of research is quantitative research, the place where this research was carried out was at the South Sumatra Province Department of Agriculture, Food Crops and Horticulture, whose address is Jalan Captain P. Tendean No 1056, Sungai Pangeran Ilir Timur I. The results of the discussion are based on the results of multiple regression, the regression coefficient values for the variables were obtained. ability is 0.268 and the regression coefficient value for the division of tasks variable is 0.576 and the constant coefficient is 6.098. Based on these values, the multiple linear regression equation obtained is Y'= 6.098 + 0.268X1 + 0.576X2. The partial hypothesis value (t test) for the ability variable is tcount &gt; ttable, namely 3.112 &gt; 1.985, based on this calculation, there is an influence of ability on employee performance and there is a hypothesis value for the division of tasks variable of tcount &gt; ttable, namely 6.694 &gt; 1.985, meaning that there is an influence on the division of tasks. on employee performance, so it can be said that there is a significant influence of ability and division of tasks on employee performance at the Department of Agriculture, Food Crops and Horticulture, South Sumatra Province. Simultaneous hypothesis results (F test) obtained a value of Fcount &gt; Ftable, namely 32.654 &gt; 3.09, based on these calculations it can be concluded that there is an influence of ability and division of tasks together on the performance of employees at the Department of Agriculture, Food Crops and Horticulture, South Sumatra Province.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> Ability, Division of Tasks, Employee Performance</em></p> Bella Tasha Seftia Yasir Arafat Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Manajemen dan Investasi (MANIVESTASI) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2022-12-15 2022-12-15 4 2 150 174 10.31851/jmanivestasi.v4i2.13222 Pengaruh Tambahan Penghasilan Pegawai (TPP) Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Pada Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Dan Penataan Ruang (PUPR) Kota Palembang https://jurnal.univpgri-palembang.ac.id/index.php/manivestasi/article/view/13223 <p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p> <p><em>This study aims to determine the effect of additional employee income (TPP) and work discipline on job satisfaction at the Palembang City Public Works and Spatial Planning Service (PUPR). The method used is a quantitative method with a sample size of 64 members. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis, correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination, t test and F test. job satisfaction. While Work Discipline (X2) has a significant effect with a value of 0.000 &lt;0.05, on job satisfaction. From the results of the simultaneous F test, a significant value of 0.000 &lt;0.05 means that H0 is rejected. Ha is accepted. the effect of additional employee income (TPP) and work discipline on job satisfaction at the Palembang City Public</em><em>.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong>: <em>Additional Employee Income (TPP), Work Discipline, Job Satisfaction.</em></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p> <p>Penelitian ini bertujuan agar diketahui Pengaruh Tambahan Penghasilan Pegawai (TPP) Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Pada Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Dan Penataan Ruang (PUPR) Kota Palembang. Teknik ini dipergunakan metode kuantitatif yang berjumlah sampel merupakan 64 anggota. Teknis analisis data bisa dipergunakan merupakan analisis regresi linear berganda, koefisien korelasi, koefisien determinasi uji-t dan uji-F. Dengan adanya uji-t melihatkan bahwa tidak adanya dipengaruh (TPP) (X<sub>1</sub>) dari nilai sig 0,635&lt;0,05 terhadap kepuasankerja. Sedangkan Disiplin Kerja (X<sup>2</sup>) adanya pengaruh sig dengan nilai 0,000&lt;0,05, terhadap kepuasankerja. Dengan hasil uji-F secara simultan diperoleh dinilai sig 0,000&lt;0,05 artinya H<sub>0 </sub>tidak setuju H<sub>a </sub>setuju. Maka ditarikan Adanya pengaruh bersama Pengaruh Tambahan Penghasilan Pegawai (TPP) Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Pada Dinas Pekerjaan Umum Dan Penataan Ruang (PUPR) Kota Palembang.</p> <p><strong>Kata</strong> <strong>Kunci</strong>: Tambahan Penghasilan Pegawai(TPP),Disiplin Kerja,Kepuasan Kerja.</p> Enni Lestari Akila Akila Nisa’ Ulul Mafra Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Manajemen dan Investasi (MANIVESTASI) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2022-12-15 2022-12-15 4 2 175 183 10.31851/jmanivestasi.v4i2.13223 Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Dan Semangat Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara Palembang https://jurnal.univpgri-palembang.ac.id/index.php/manivestasi/article/view/13224 <p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p> <p>Penelitian bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh lingkungan kerja dan semangat kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai pada pengadilan tata usaha negara Palembang. Masalah penelitian ini secara parsial dan simultan adalah pengaruh lingkungan kerja dan semangat kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai . populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai di pengadilan tata usaha negara palembang yang berjumlah 46 orang pegawai. Sampel pada penelitian ini didasarkan pada metode sampling&nbsp; jenuh dengan responden sebanyak 46 orang&nbsp; pegawai. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan angket/kuesioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi sederhana, analisis regresi linier berganda, koefisien determinasi, uji t dan uji f dengan menggunakan program <em>spss for windows versi 22</em>. Hasil uji t diperoleh nilai t untuk variabel lingkungan kerja t<sub>hitung</sub> 3,808 dengan t<sub>tabel</sub> 1,680 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara parsial ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai, sedangkan untuk variabel semangat kerja diperoleh t<sub>hitung</sub> sebesar 11,330 dengan t<sub>tabel</sub> 1,680 maka dapat disimpulkan secara parsial ada pengaruh antara semangat kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai. Hasil pembahasan diperoleh hasil uji f secara simultan f<sub>hitung </sub>sebesar 66,061 dengan f<sub>tabel</sub> 3,21 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara simultan ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara lingkungan kerja dan semangat kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai.</p> <p><strong>Kata Kunci :</strong> Lingkungan Kerja, Semangat Kerja dan Kinerja Pegawai</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p> <p><em>The research aims to examine the influence of the work environment and work morale on employee performance at the Palembang state administrative court. The problem of this research is partially and simultaneously the influence of the work environment and work morale on employee performance. The population in this study were all employees at the Palembang State Administrative Court, totaling 46 employees. The sample in this study was based on a saturated sampling method with 46 employees as respondents. Data was collected using questionnaires/questionnaires. The data analysis technique used is simple regression analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient of determination, t test and f test using the SPSS for Windows version 22 program. The results of the t test obtained a t value for the work environment variable tcount of 3.808 with ttable 1.680 so it can be concluded that partially there is a significant influence between the work environment on employee performance, while for the work morale variable the t count is 11.330 with t table 1.680, so it can be concluded that partially there is an influence between work morale on employee performance. As a result of the discussion, it was obtained that the f test results simultaneously f calculated at 66.061 with f table 3.21, so it can be concluded that simultaneously there is a significant influence between the work environment and work morale on employee performance.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Work Environment, Work Morale and Employee Performance</em></p> Fajar Azhari Tri Darmawati Benny Usman Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Manajemen dan Investasi (MANIVESTASI) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2022-12-15 2022-12-15 4 2 184 209 10.31851/jmanivestasi.v4i2.13224 Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Semangat Kerja Pegawai Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten OKI https://jurnal.univpgri-palembang.ac.id/index.php/manivestasi/article/view/13225 <p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p> <p><em>This research aims to determine the impact of occupational satisfaction and working environment on the work spirit of OKI District Education officer. The method of research used is quantitative research method, with the population of all employees of the South Sumatera provincial trade office amounted to 59 employees. The samples used in this study use saturated sampling techniques so that the sample obtained as much as 59 employees. Data collection techniques are performed with observations and questionnaires. Data analysis techniques using multiple linear regression analyses, coefficient of determination, T test hypothesis testing and F test.</em></p> <p><em>The results of this study can be noted that the value of double linear regression equation Y = 16,012 + 0.374 X_1 + 0.275 X_2 + E. The result of the coefficient of determination showed R Square value of 0.205 or 20.5%, meaning contribution of donation influence work satisfaction (X1) and work Environment (X2) on employee morale (Y) of 20.5%. Testing results of T-Test hypothesis work satisfaction (X1) to the spirit of work officers (Y) obtained significant value 0.008 &lt; α significant 0.05 then can be deduced in partial there is a significant influence between job satisfaction on the work spirit at the trade service of South Sumatera province. Test results of the T-Test hypothesis of job satisfaction (X2) on the spirit of work (Y) obtained a significant value of 0.021 &lt; α significant 0.05 can be deduced in partial there is a significant influence between job satisfaction on the working spirit at the OKI District Education Office. F test hypothesis test results obtained significant value 0.002 &lt; α 0.05 then the Ha (alternate hypothesis) hypothesis was received and Ho (zero hypothesis) was rejected, then it could be concluded that there was a significant influence between the job satisfaction and the working environment of the working spirit at the OKI District Education Office.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong>: <em>Job Satisfaction, Working Environment, Employee Morale</em><em>.</em></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p> <p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Kepuasan kerja dan Lingkungan kerja Terhadap Semangat kerja Pegawai Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten OKI.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kuantitatif, dengan populasi seluruh pegawai Kantor Dinas Perdagangan Provinsi Sumatera Selatan berjumlah 59 orang pegawai. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 59 pegawai. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi dan kuesioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda, koefisien determinasi, pengujian hipotesis uji t dan uji F. Hasil penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa nilai persamaan regresi linear berganda &nbsp;16.012 + 0,374 + 0,275 . Hasil koefisien determinasi menunjukan nilai R Square sebesar 0,205 atau 20,5% artinya kontribusi sumbangan pengaruh Kepuasan kerja (X<sub>1</sub>) dan Lingkungan Kerja (X<sub>2</sub>) terhadap Semangat kerja Pegawai (Y) sebesar 20,5%. Hasil pengujian hipotesis uji t Kepuasan kerja (X<sub>1</sub>) terhadap Semangat kerja Pegawai (Y) diperoleh nilai signifikan 0,008 &lt;α signifikan 0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan secara parsial ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara Kepuasan kerja terhadap Semangat kerja pada Dinas Perdagangan Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Hasil Pengujian hipotesis uji t Kepuasan kerja (X<sub>2</sub>) terhadap Semangat kerja (Y) diperoleh nilai signifikan 0,021 &lt;α signifikan 0,05 maka dapat disimpulkan secara parsial ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara Kepuasan kerja terhadap Semangat kerja pada Dinas Pendidikan&nbsp; Kabupaten OKI. Hasil pengujian hipotesis uji F diperoleh nilai signifikan 0,002 &lt;α 0,05 maka hipotesis Ha (Hipotesis alternatif) diterima dan Ho (Hipotesis nol) ditolak, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara bersama-sama ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara Kepuasan kerja dan Lingkungan kerja terhadap Semangat kerja pada Dinas Pendidikan&nbsp; Kabupaten OKI.</p> <p><strong>Kata</strong> <strong>Kunci</strong>: Kepuasan Kerja , Lingkungan Kerja, Semangat Kerja Pegawai.</p> Muhatir Muhamad Emma Lilianti Erdiansyah Erdiansyah Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Manajemen dan Investasi (MANIVESTASI) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2022-12-15 2022-12-15 4 2 221 237 10.31851/jmanivestasi.v4i2.13225 Pengaruh Lifestyle, Selebgram dan Costumer Review Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian di Media Sosial Instagram (Studi Eksplanatif pada Followers Selebgram Palembang @Jihannabilaaaaa) https://jurnal.univpgri-palembang.ac.id/index.php/manivestasi/article/view/13226 <p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p> <p><em>The aim of this research is to find out how lifestyle, celebrity and customer reviews influence purchasing decisions on Instagram social media. This research is a survey research with three independent variables lifestyle, celebgram and customer reviews as well as the dependent variable purchasing decisions, using data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents who are followers of the Palembang celebgram @jihannabilaaaaa. The sampling technique is accidental sampling. For data analysis using multiple regression analysis. The research results show that the customer review variable has a greater influence than the lifestyle and celebrity variables. The results show that consumers have an orientation towards customer reviews regarding purchasing decisions on Instagram social media compared to lifestyle and celebrity programs. So that business people can increase sales promotions through customer reviews from all consumers as a strategy development in marketing so that consumers are interested and can generate interest in purchasing.</em></p> <p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Lifestyle, Celebrity, Customer Reviews, and Purchase Decisions.</em></p> <p><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p> <p><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p> <p>Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh <em>lifestyle, selebgram </em>dan <em>costumer review </em>terhadap keputusan pembelian di media sosial instagram. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian <em>survey</em> dengan tiga variabel bebas <em>lifestyle, selebgram </em>dan <em>costumer review</em> serta variabel terikat keputusan pembelian, dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data dengan menyebarkan kuesioner terhadap 100 <em>responden followers selebgram </em>palembang <em>@jihannabilaaaaa</em>. Teknik sampling yaitu <em>accidental sampling.</em> Untuk analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variabel <em>costumer review </em>lebih besar pengaruhnya daripada variabel <em>lifestyle</em> dan <em>selebgram.</em> Hasil menunjukan konsumen memiliki orientasi pada <em>costumer review</em> terhadap keputusan pembelian di media sosial instagram dibandingkan dengan<em> lifestyle</em> dan <em>selebgram</em>. Sehingga para pelaku bisnis bisa meningkatkan promosi penjualanan melalui <em>costumer review</em> dari semua konsumen sebagai pengemabangan strategi dalam pemasaran sehingga konsumen tertarik dan dapat menimbulkan minat pembelian.</p> <p><strong>Kata kunci: </strong><em>Lifestyle,Selebgram, Costumer Review</em>, dan Keputusan Pembelian.</p> Mayang Sari Putri Pratiwi Erdiansyah Erdiansyah Erfan Robyardi Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Manajemen dan Investasi (MANIVESTASI) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 2022-12-15 2022-12-15 4 2 238 247 10.31851/jmanivestasi.v4i2.13226