Sifat Termal Dan Antibakteri Busa Komposit Poliuretan Kaku Dengan Pengisi Zeolit Alami Dan Daun Cengkeh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31851/redoks.v9i2.18321Keywords:
poliuretan, zeolit, komposit, daun cengkeh, sifat termal, morfologiAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan komposit busa poliuretan (PU) yang memiliki sifat antibakteri dan ketahanan termal yang baik, dengan menambahkan serbuk daun cengkeh dan zeolit alam sebagai bahan pengisi. Daun cengkeh dipilih karena kandungan senyawa fenolik, seperti eugenol, yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri, sedangkan zeolit alam ditambahkan untuk meningkatkan ketahanan termal komposit. Komposit PU dengan variasi konsentrasi daun cengkeh (1%, 1,5%, dan 2%wt) dan zeolit (10%, 20%, 30%wt) diproduksi dan dianalisis menggunakan FTIR, DSC, serta uji antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penambahan daun cengkeh dan zeolit terhadap sifat antibakteri dan termal komposit PU, serta menentukan komposisi optimal yang memberikan keseimbangan antara performa antibakteri dan ketahanan termal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan daun cengkeh dapat meningkatkan aktivitas antibakteri komposit PU, dengan konsentrasi optimal pada 1%wt. Penambahan zeolit meningkatkan ketahanan termal komposit PU, dengan komposit yang mengandung 20% dan 30% zeolit menunjukkan kestabilan termal yang lebih baik dibandingkan komposit tanpa zeolit. Komposit PU yang diperkaya dengan daun cengkeh dan zeolit memiliki sifat antibakteri yang efektif dan ketahanan termal yang tinggi, menjadikannya sebagai alternatif bahan insulasi ramah lingkungan untuk berbagai aplikasi industri, terutama dalam bidang konstruksi dan pengemasan.
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