Sifat Mekanis Polipropilena Berpenguat Serat Kenaf Pendek: Pengaruh Fraksi Massa dan Talk
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31851/sainmatika.v15i2.2303Keywords:
kenaf, short fiber, polypropylene, tensile strength, flexural strengthAbstract
There have been few studies in the development of natural fibers reinforced thermoplastic as composite materials for the small size components in the automotive industries. The complexity level and failure potential at composite manufacturing are main reasons for slightly development. The objective of this study is to find the best composition of Polypropylene/Kenaf fibers (PP/Kenaf) with optimal tensile and flexural strength as an alternative material for small size component in the automotive industries. Sandwich methods of PP/Kenaf composites using hot press machine are selected. Short kenaf fiber (5 mm) are employed in this study. Mass fraction of kenaf in the composite and talc are investigated in order to find their effects to the tensile and flexural strengths of PP/Kenaf composite. Results show that the best composition is 30% (wt) Kenaf due to its optimal tensile and flexural strength as material for small-size components in the automotive industries.
ABSTRAK
Sampai saat ini masih jarang dijumpai penelitian yang mengembangkan material komposit termoplastik-serat alam sebagai bahan baku komponen berukuran kecil di industri otomotif. Hal ini dikarenakan tingkat kerumitan dan kemungkinan gagal (failure) saat pencetakan komposit tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan komposisi terbaik Polipropilena-serat Kenaf (PP/Kenaf) dengan nilai kekuatan tarik dan lentur yang optimal sebagai bahan baku alternatif komponen berukuran kecil di industri-industri otomotif. Metode yang dipakai adalah membuat sandwich komposit PP/Kenaf dengan menggunakan mesin hot press. Kenaf serat pendek (5 mm) digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Variasi fraksi massa kenaf dalam komposit serta keberadaan talc dilakukan untuk mengamati pengaruhnya terhadap kekuatan tarik dan lentur PP/Kenaf. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi Kenaf yang paling baik adalah 30% Kenaf tanpa talk karena memiliki sifat mekanis yang cukup kuat dan lentur sebagai salah satu komponen mobil yang berukuran kecil.
Kata Kunci: kenaf, serat pendek, polipropilena, kekuatan tarik, kekuatan lenturÂ
References
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