Aplikasi Fotokatalis TiO2 Dan Alternatifnya Untuk Degradasi Pewarna Sintesis Dalam Limbah Cair

Abstract

Liquid waste containing synthetic dyes is a significant environmental problem, particularly in the textile industry, such as batik waste. Recent studies have shown the potential of TiO₂ photocatalysis in reducing color and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in such waste. In addition to TiO₂, ZnO nanoparticles and ZrO₂-TiO₂ composites have also been tested as alternative photocatalysts for the degradation of synthetic dyes. The use of immobilized TiO₂ nanoparticles on various substrates such as plastic sheets, hydrogels, or hybrid films has increased the efficiency of photocatalytic processes and allowed for the separation of photocatalysts from the waste after treatment. Furthermore, the combination of TiO₂ with additives such as Mg, Ag, and Fe has enhanced the photocatalytic performance in removing synthetic dyes from wastewater. The use of TiO₂-based photocatalytic membranes also enables simultaneous filtration and degradation of pollutants in wastewater treatment. In addition to degrading synthetic dyes, TiO₂ photocatalysis has been successfully used to remove natural dyes like Congo red from industrial wastewater. Recent studies have also explored new synthesis methods to obtain TiO₂ photocatalysts with enhanced properties, such as TiO₂ nanocoating on nanocomposites or TiO₂ nanocoating on porous materials. Overall, these studies demonstrate that TiO₂ photocatalysis has great potential in liquid waste treatment, particularly in the degradation of synthetic dyes found in textile industry waste like batik waste.