The Effectiveness of Employee Training and Development: A Systematic Literature Review from a Human Resource Management Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31851/jmksp.v10i2.19481Keywords:
Employee Training and Development, Human Resource Management, Systematic Literature Review, Training Effectiveness, Training TechnologyAbstract
This study systematically reviews recent literature (2020–2024) on the effectiveness of employee training and development programs from a human resource management (HRM) perspective. The main focus is to identify key approaches, models, and factors contributing to training success in modern organizational settings. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method based on the PRISMA guidelines, 14 journal articles were thematically analyzed through database search, inclusion/exclusion screening, and content coding. Findings highlight five major factors affecting training effectiveness: need-based training design, instructional and evaluation models, leadership and organizational culture, technology integration, and impact on employee performance and retention. Well-structured and contextual training significantly enhances organizational capability. This study provides valuable insights for HR managers, training designers, organizational leaders, and policymakers. It serves as a reference for developing adaptive, strategic, and sustainable training programs aligned with technological change. Emphasizing the integration of digital technology and leadership roles, this review contributes to advancing dynamic HRM strategies.
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