Development of a Hybrid Bio-Battery Based on the Combination of Guava Leaf Electrolyte, CaCl₂ and Banana Leaves on a Duck Eggshell Powder Matrix

Neli Sartika; Andi Arif Setiawan; Dui Yanto Rahman

doi:10.31851/jupiter.v8i1.21911

Authors

Neli Sartika Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas PGRI Palembang
Andi Arif Setiawan Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas PGRI Palembang
Dui Yanto Rahman Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas PGRI Palembang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31851/jupiter.v8i1.21911

Keywords:

Bio-battery, multi-ion electrolyte, biomaterials, ionic conductivity, alternative energy.

Abstract

The increasing demand for electrical energy, along with the limitations of conventional energy sources, has driven the development of sustainable biomaterial-based alternative energy. This study aims to optimize the performance of a bio-battery through a multi-ion electrolyte system composed of guava leaves, calcium chloride (CaCl₂), and banana leaves, utilizing a duck eggshell powder matrix. The research was conducted using a stepwise experimental method by varying the mass of each component to determine the optimum condition. The first stage involved varying the mass of guava leaves (1-5 g), followed by the addition of CaCl₂ (0.5-2.5 g) under optimum conditions, and finally the variation of banana leaf mass (1-5 g). In addition, aluminum, copper, and zinc were used as anode materials, with graphite as the cathode. The parameters analyzed included voltage, current, and impedance. The results show that the optimum condition was achieved at 3 g of guava leaves, 1 g of CaCl₂, and 2 g of banana leaves, using aluminum as the anode. Under these conditions, a voltage of 0.871 V, a current of 2.19 mA, and a minimum impedance of 3.29 Ω were obtained. The multi-ion electrolyte system significantly enhanced ionic conductivity, reduced internal resistance, and produced more stable electrical performance compared to a single-electrolyte system. The duck eggshell matrix also improved ion distribution and system stability. Therefore, this bio-battery demonstrates strong potential as an environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative energy source.

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