Karakteristik Reproduksi Kerang Lokan (Geloina erosa) Berdasarkan Indeks dan Tingkat Kematangan Gonad di Muara Jenggalu, Kota Bengkulu

Nella Tri Agustini; Firdha Iresta Wardani; Ayub Sugara; Ayub Sugara Anggini Fuji Astuti

doi:10.31851/04yjrn49

Authors

Nella Tri Agustini Universitas Bengkulu Author
Firdha Iresta Wardani Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu Author
Ayub Sugara Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu Author
Ayub Sugara Anggini Fuji Astuti Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Bengkulu Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31851/04yjrn49

Keywords:

Geloina erosa, reproduksi, ekosistem mangrove, Muara Jenggalu

Abstract

Kerang lokan Geloina erosa merupakan bivalvia bernilai ekonomis yang banyak dimanfaatkan di Muara Jenggalu, Kota Bengkulu. Peningkatan eksploitasi tanpa memperhatikan kondisi reproduksi berpotensi mengancam keberlanjutan populasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik reproduksi G. erosa berdasarkan Indeks Kematangan Gonad (IKG) dan Tingkat Kematangan Gonad (TKG). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada Mei–Oktober 2023 di ekosistem mangrove Muara Jenggalu. Sampel dikumpulkan secara manual saat kondisi surut, selanjutnya dibawa ke Laboratorium Perikanan, Universitas Bengkulu untuk analisis lebih lanjut. Gonad diamati secara morfologis dan mikroskopis (100×–400×) untuk menentukan jenis kelamin dan tingkat kematangan gonad. Nilai IKG dihitung sebagai perbandingan berat gonad terhadap berat tubuh total. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai IKG pada betina berkisar 0,145–0,538 (rata-rata 0,336) dan jantan 0,048–0,931 (rata-rata 0,325), yang menunjukkan perkembangan gonad relatif sinkron. Distribusi TKG didominasi TKG I pada jantan dan TKG II pada betina, dengan variasi TKG I–III. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa aktivitas reproduksi yang berlangsung secara terus menerus sepanjang tahun.

The mangrove clam Geloina erosa is an economically important bivalve widely utilized in the Jenggalu Estuary, Bengkulu City, Indonesia. Increasing exploitation without considering reproductive conditions may threaten the sustainability of its population. This study aimed to analyze the reproductive characteristics of G. erosa based on the Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) and gonadal development stages. Sampling was conducted from May to October 2023 in the mangrove ecosystem of the Jenggalu Estuary. Specimens were collected manually during low tide and transported to the Fisheries Laboratory, University of Bengkulu for further analysis. Gonads were examined morphologically and microscopically (100×–400× magnification) to determine sex and gonadal development stages. The GSI was calculated as the ratio of gonad weight to total body weight. The results showed that GSI values ranged from 0.145–0.538 (mean 0.336) in females and 0.048–0.931 (mean 0.325) in males, indicating relatively synchronous gonadal development. The distribution of gonadal stages was dominated by Stage I in males and Stage II in females, with stages ranging from I to III. These findings indicate continuous reproductive activity throughout the year.

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