SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF LANGUAGE USE IN MOTIVATIONAL CONTENT ON THE @AFFIRMATIONS INSTAGRAM ACCOUNT

Authors

  • Fahmi Luqman UIN Sunan Gunung Djati
  • Cipto Wardoyo UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
  • Dewi Kustanti UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31851/pdg1qr67

Keywords:

Semiotics, Roland Barthes, Denotation and Connotation, Toxic positivity, Digital Uncanny, Social media aesthetics.

Abstract

This study investigates the linguistic meanings embedded in motivational content shared on the @affirmations Instagram account by examining both denotative and connotative layers of meaning. Adopting a descriptive qualitative design, the data were collected through document analysis of selected visual posts containing distorted imagery and accompanying textual elements. The findings indicate that the @affirmations account strategically combines unconventional and distorted visual representations with motivational language to critically engage with and subvert the ideology of “toxic positivity” prevalent in digital culture. This interplay between visual distortion and linguistic expression produces a “digital uncanny” effect, which serves to question the societal pressure for constant positivity and perfection in online environments, while simultaneously reframing personal struggles as ironic and reflective social commentary. Unlike previous studies that primarily emphasize persuasive or commercial functions of digital content, this research focuses on the semiotic role of language in constructing meaning within subversive motivational posts. By applying Roland Barthes’ concept of myth, the study extends its analytical scope to the notion of the “digital uncanny,” demonstrating how linguistic and visual elements collaboratively operate to critique ideals of digital perfectionism. This approach contributes to the development of a more nuanced semiotic framework for understanding how language in digital spaces is used to deconstruct dominant social narratives. Consequently, the study offers significant implications for digital media studies, cultural sociology, and semiotics, while also providing practical insights for content creators, digital marketers, educators, and mental health practitioners in interpreting Gen-Z digital culture and evolving perceptions of online well-being.

References

Afisi, O. T. (2020). The concept of semiotics in Charles Sanders Peirce’s pragmatism. Trends in Semantics and Pragmatics. ResearchGate.

Barkah, R. F. (2023). Analisis kesalahan berbahasa dalam tataran semantik pada postingan akun Instagram @demauinsurakarta. Jurnal Bahasa Lingua Scientia, 15(2), 201–226. https://doi.org/10.21274/ls.2023.15.1.209-226

Barthes, R. (1957). Mythologies (A. Lavers, Trans., 1972). Seuil. (Original work published 1957)

Barthes, R. (1977). Image-music-text. Fontana Press.

Boursier, V., & Gioia, F. (2022). Objectification and standard Instagram practices: Navigating idealized visual expectations and user psychology. Computers in Human Behavior, 128, 107123.

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed., pp. 183–213). SAGE Publications.

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. SAGE Publications.

Dörnyei, Z. (2007). Research methods in applied linguistics: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methodologies (pp. 242–257). Oxford University Press.

Drotner, K. (2020). Towards a processual understanding of media production among Danish children. Journal of Children and Media, 2, 221–236. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2019.1701056

Eco, U. (1976). A theory of semiotics. Indiana University Press.

Ekman, P., & Friesen, W. V. (2019). The repertoire of nonverbal behavior: Categories, origins, usage, and coding. Semiotica. https://doi.org/10.1515/semi.1969.1.1.49

Garcia, A., & Roberts, L. (2024). The power of visual signs: A denotative and connotative analysis of promotional content. International Journal of Visual Communication, 12(1), 45–68.

Hancock, B., Ockleford, E., & Windridge, K. (2009). An introduction to qualitative research. NIHR Research Design Service for Yorkshire & the Humber.

Joesoef, M. V., & Adralissman. (2023). The analysis of an IT film using Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotic theory. E-Lingua Tera, 3(1), 224–231. https://doi.org/10.31253/lt.v3i1.2250

Mahmud, A. F., Umahuk, S., Fudji, S. R., Noh, S. A., Soleman, F., & Gafar, A. (2023). Building students’ communication skills in learning English through lesson study at senior high school. Journal of Languages and Language Teaching, 11(1), 72–80. https://doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v11i1.6540

Marwati, M., Eddy, S., & Valianti, R. M. (2026). Transforming empowering leadership in the digital era: Building a culture of innovation and teacher performance based on collaboration. Journal of Education and Applied Teaching (JEAT), 2(2), 493–502.

Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2019). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications.

Nadira, R. (2018). Roland Barthes’ denotation, connotation, and myth in the change of four Starbucks logos: A study of semiotics. Universitas Darma Persada.

Ningsih, S. R., & Nugroho, A. (2025). A Barthesian semiotic analysis on the Instagram account @cantikcitra: Inclusive beauty representations and corporate cultural myths. Journal of Media and Cultural Studies, 39(1), 74–92.

Nurjanah, L., Effendi, D., & Fitriani, Y. (2023). Tindak tutur ekspresif berkomentar di dalam postingan Instagram Najwa Shihab mengenai “Indonesia surga para pengabdi psikopat”. PEMBAHSI: Jurnal Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia, 13(2), 110–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.31851/pembahsi.v13i2.11112

Nurwati, D. (2023). Analisis semiotika Roland Barthes pada terapi zikir menghadapi pandemi Covid-19 di Pondok Pesantren Singa Putih Munfaridin. Jurnal Heritage, 11.

O’Halloran, K. L., Pal, G., & Jin, M. (2021). Multimodal approach to analyzing big social and news media data: Decoding intersemiotic relations between text and images. Discourse, Context & Media, 40, 100467.

Pilli, O., & Bozkurt, A. (2024). The semiotics of digital irony: Text-image contradictions as a coping mechanism for digital fatigue. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 25(3), 112–131.

Prabhat, P., & Meenu, M. P. (2015). Selected methods and techniques of research (pp. 23–45). Educreation Publishing.

Prosenjit, S., & Anvesa, P. (2021). Multimodal landscape in digital media. Journal of Media and Communication Studies, 13(2), 45–58.

Saussure, F. de. (2021). Cours de linguistique générale. Editions Le Mono.

Shifman, L. (2014). Memes in digital culture. MIT Press.

Suandi, I. K. (2008). Metode penelitian pengajaran bahasa (pp. 45–62). Universitas Udayana.

Sujiati, R., Jaya, A., Rosmiyati, E., & Noviati. (2023). EFL teachers’ attitudes and experiences on the implementation of multiliteracies. Esteem Journal of English Education Study Programme, 7(1), 85–96.

Thompson, S. (2023). Multimodal meaning making: Analyzing denotative and connotative signifiers in user-generated content. Journal of Digital Semiotics, 5(2), 114–138.

Tiggemann, M. (2018). “Strong is the new skinny”: A content analysis of #fitspiration images on Instagram. Journal of Health Psychology, 23(8), 1003–1011. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105316639436

Villegas, M., Martinez, R., & Lopez, F. (2024). Improving multimodal classification of social media posts: Leveraging text-image auxiliary tasks. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 26, 1432–1445.

Downloads

Published

2026-06-25