Developing STEM-Based Digital Worksheet to Encourage Students' Problem-Solving Skills

Ely Susanti; Nyimas Aisyah; Elza Oktaviani Silaen

doi:10.31851/indiktika.v7i2.16759

Authors

Ely Susanti Universitas Sriwijaya
Nyimas Aisyah Universitas Sriwijaya
Elza Oktaviani Silaen Universitas Sriwijaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31851/indiktika.v7i2.16759

Keywords:

STEM-based digital worksheet, problem-solving skills

Abstract

Mathematics education in the 21st century, a field increasingly shaped by rapid technological advancement and global demands for critical thinking, necessitates the use of contextual, technology-enhanced learning media that promote higher-order thinking skills, particularly in the area of problem solving. Addressing this need, the present study focused on developing a STEM-based digital worksheet, a technology-integrated instructional tool aimed at enhancing students’ mathematical problem-solving skills within the topic of the Pythagorean Theorem. Adopting a Research and Development (R&D) framework, specifically the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation), the study involved a series of methodical phases designed to ensure both pedagogical soundness and technological relevance. Data collection involved conducting interviews and observations, analyzing relevant documents, validating content through expert review, and administering both practicality questionnaires and performance-based assessments grounded in Polya’s problem-solving rubric. Validation by three subject-matter experts, serving as evaluators of content quality and instructional alignment, resulted in an average score of 83.68%, denoting high validity. Practicality, assessed through one-on-one and small-group trials, achieved a mean score of 82.33%, reflecting strong user acceptance and ease of implementation. A field test with 30 students revealed an average problem-solving score of 75%, with notable strengths in identifying and understanding the problem, and relative weaknesses in the final stage of reviewing solutions. These findings, while preliminary, suggest that developing and implementing STEM-based digital worksheets can serve as a promising approach to fostering mathematical problem solving by embedding learning in contextual, interactive, and technologically enriched environments.

References

Adeoye, M. A., Wirawan, K. A. S. I., Pradnyani, M. S. S., & Septiarini, N. I. (2024). Revolutionizing Education: Unleashing the Power of the ADDIE Model for Effective Teaching and Learning. JPI (Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia), 13(1), 202–209.

Angraini, L. M., & Fitri, Y. C. (2023). The Effect of Interactive Multimedia-Based Learning on Students’ Mathematical Problem Solving Ability. International Journal of Contemporary Studies in Education (IJ-CSE), 2(2), 85–90.

Arifin, S., Zulkardi, Z., Putri, R. I. I., & Hartono, Y. (2021). On Creativity Through Mathematization in Solving Non-Routine Problems. Journal on Mathematics Education, 12(2), 313–330.

Chen, T., Zhao, Y.-J., Huang, F.-Q., Liu, Q., Li, Y., Alolga, R. N., Zhang, L., & Ma, G. (2024). The Effect of Problem-Based Learning on Improving Problem-Solving, Self-Directed Learning, and Critical Thinking Ability for The Pharmacy Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial and Meta-Analysis. PLOS ONE, 19(12), e0314017.

De Vink, I. C., Willemsen, R. H., Lazonder, Ard. W., & Kroesbergen, E. H. (2022). Creativity in Mathematics Performance: The Role of Divergent and Convergent Thinking. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 92(2), 484–501.

Djoeaeriah, N. D., & Iskandar, S. (2024). Implementation of the Independent Learning Curriculum in 21st Century Learning. PROGRES PENDIDIKAN, 5(1), 32–38.

Fahlevi, A., Jumadi, J., Dewi, A. N., & Sari, F. P. (2022). Development of Electronic Student Worksheet Based on Guided Inquiry on The Topic of Photosynthesis. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(3), 1408–1415.

Fattikasari, D. W., & Nasrudin, H. (2023). Development of Electronic Worksheets Based on Project-Based Learning Assisted by a Virtual Laboratory to Train Students’ Critical Thinking Skills. Jurnal Pijar Mipa, 18(4), 493–501.

Hairunnisa, H., Zaini, M., Badruzsaufari, B., Aufa, M. N., Warnida, Y., & Hasbie, M. (2022). Development of Student Worksheets on Biology Topics Based on Critical Thinking Skills. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(3), 1280–1285.

Hartini, S., Mariani, I., Misbah, & Sulaeman, N. F. (2020). Developing of Students Worksheets through STEM Approach to Train Critical Thinking Skills. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1567(4), 042029.

Harun, F., Rusli, H., Wahyuni, S., Marwiyah, & Sudirman. (2024). Development of Google Form-based Digital Worksheets to Increase the Learning Spirit of High School Students. Journal of Social and Scientific Education, 1(4), 23–32.

Hidayati, V. R., Subanji, S., & Sisworo, S. (2020). Students’ Mathematical Connection Error in Solving PISA Circle Problem. JIPM (Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika), 8(2), 76–84.

Juliana, N., Ampera, D., Farihah, Baharuddin, & Sinukaban, V. Y. (2024). Digital Student Worksheets to Improving Students’ Learning Independence. Journal of Education Technology, 8(1), 31–41.

Khairuna, K. (2023). STEM-based Worksheet on Digestive System Material to Improve Students’ Creative Thinking Skills. Jurnal Biolokus, 6(1), 25–33.

Khalid, M., Saad, S., Abdul Hamid, S. R., Ridhuan Abdullah, M., Ibrahim, H., & Shahrill, M. (2020). Enhancing Creativity and Problem Solving Skills Through Creative Problem Solving in Teaching Mathematics. Creativity Studies, 13(2), 270–291.

Koculu, A., Topcu, M. S., & Ciftci, A. (2022). The Effect of STEM Education on Pre-Service Science Teachers’ Perceptions of 21st Century Skills and Competences and Problem Solving Skills. Open Journal for Educational Research, 6(2), 165–172.

Long, N. T., Yen, N. T. H., & Hanh, N. V. (2020). The Role of Experiential Learning and Engineering Design Process in K-12 Stem Education. International Journal of Education and Practice, 8(4), 720–732.

Munzar, B., Muis, K. R., Denton, C. A., & Losenno, K. (2021). Elementary students’ Cognitive and Affective Responses to Impasses During Mathematics Problem Solving. Journal of Educational Psychology, 113(1), 104–124.

Olufunke, O.-F. T., Harun, J. B., & Zakaria, M. A. Z. M. (2022). The Benefits of Implementing Authentic-Based Multimedia Learning in Higher Education Institutions. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 10(09), 74–86.

Riza, L. S., Hasanah, L. N., Putri, A. H., Budiman, B., Safitri, F., Putri, L. A., Hayati, N., Solihah, P. A., & Samah, K. A. F. A. (2023). Educational Technology Using Multimedia in Science Learning: A Systematic Review. Bulletin of Social Informatics Theory and Application, 7(2), 163–181.

Roble, D. B., Lomibao, L. S., & Luna, C. A. (2021). Developing Students’ Creative Constructs in Mathematics with Problem-Based (PB) and Problem Posing (PP) Tasks. Canadian Journal of Family and Youth / Le Journal Canadien de Famille et de La Jeunesse, 13(2), 82–94.

Sarailoo, R., Latifzadeh, K., Amiri, S. H., Bosaghzadeh, A., & Ebrahimpour, R. (2022). Assessment of Instantaneous Cognitive Load Imposed by Educational Multimedia Using Electroencephalography Signals. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 16, 744737.

Setiawan, H., Handican, R., & Rurisman, R. (2023). Revolutionizing Math Education: Unleashing the Potential of Web-based Learning Media for Enhanced Mathematical Problem Solving Skills. JDIME : Journal of Development and Innovation in Mathematics Education, 1(2), 01–11.

Sudrajat, U., Ardianto, D., & Permana, I. (2022). Engineering Design Process: A Review and Bibliometric Analysis. International Journal of STEM Education for Sustainability, 2(2), 180–192.

Taxipulati, S., & Lu, H.-D. (2021). The Influence of Feedback Content and Feedback Time on Multimedia Learning Achievement of College Students and Its Mechanism. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 706821.

Tellermo, E. S. (2024). Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (PCK) in Problem Solving of Pre-Service Teachers. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, VIII(X), 130–137.

Toma, F., Ardelean, A., Grădinaru, C., Nedelea, A., & Diaconu, D. C. (2023). Effects of ICT Integration in Teaching Using Learning Activities. Sustainability, 15(8), 6885.

Topsakal, İ., Yalçın, S. A., & Çakır, Z. (2022). The Effect of Problem-based STEM Education on the Students’ Critical Thinking Tendencies and Their Perceptions for Problem Solving Skills. Science Education International, 33(2), 136–145.

Utami, D. R. R. B. U., Nurwati, I. N., & Lestari, A. (2024). Development of School-Based Comprehensive Sexuality Education Module in Junior High School. Proceeding of the International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research for Sustainable Innovation, 1, 214–221.

Waang, G. P. (2023). Maximizing the Potential of Multimedia in Indonesia: Enhancing Engagement, Accessibility, and Learning Outcomes. Academic Society for Appropriate Technology, 9(3), 235–245.

Wahyuni, S., Rizki, L. K., Budiarso, A. S., Putra, P. D. A., & Narulita, E. (2021). The Development of E-Student Worksheet on Environmental Pollution to Improve Critical Thinking Skills of Junior High School Students. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 7(4), 723–728.

Winarno, N., Rusdi̇ana, D., Samsudi̇n, A., Susi̇lowati̇, E., Ahmad, N., & Afi̇fah, R. M. A. (2020). The Steps of the Engineering Design Process (EDP) in Science Education: A systematic literature review. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 8(4), 1345–1360.

Wulandari, H., & Andriyani, A. (2022)